Tag: variables

Keywords, Constants, Variables: C

Computers do not understand English language. It can only understand machine code, a binary stream of 1s and 0s.

Learning The Building Blocks of C programming Language

To learn any language we need to first learn alphabets, then we learn to write sentences and then to write paragraphs. Similarly, in learning C programming language, we first learn about the Character Set(Alphabets, Digits, Special Symbols), next we learn words(keywords, variables, constants), and then we learn statements(C programming instructions), and then we write C programs.

Keywords, Identifiers And Literals: C


[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D4ePj0ill5k]

YouTube Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D4ePj0ill5k [Watch the Video In Full Screen.]


Keywords

Every word in a C program is classified as either a keyword or an identifier. All keywords have fixed meanings predefined in the language and these meanings can not be changed.

Identifier / Literals

In programming languages, constants are usually called as literals and variables are called as identifiers.

Constants / Variables

As name suggests, a constant is an entity whose value doesn’t change during the course of program execution. A variable, on the other hand, is an entity whose value may change during the course of program execution.



C Constants

C Constants can be divided into 2 categories.
1. Primary Constants.
2. Secondary Constants.

Primary Constants are further divided into Integer Constants, Real Constants and Character constants.

Keyword for Integer is int and the format specifier is %d.
Keyword for Real is float or double and the format specifier is %f.
Keyword for Character is char and the format specifier is %c.

 
#include < stdio.h >
int main()
{
    const int a = 5;

    a = a + 1;

    printf("Value of a is %d", a);
}

Output:
error: Assignment of read-only variable ‘a’.

a is a constant variable and thus its value can not be changed through the course of program execution.

 
#include < stdio.h >
int main()
{
    int a = 5;

    a = a + 1;

    printf("Value of a is %d", a);
}

Output:
Value of a is 6

Note: Literals are constant values and not constant variables.

Variables and Javascript Methods In jQuery

In this video tutorial we shall see how to use variables and javascript methods in jQuery.

In this tutorial, we shall take a image inside our html document. Once the user clicks on this image, we shall use some javascript methods to generate random discounts and display it using alert box.

Note:
var is a keyword to declare variable.
Math.random() generates random numbers between 0 and 1.
Math.floor() is used to round off the floating point number to integer.
alert() is used to show the message stored in the variable in alert box.
+ is concatenation operator.

HTML code
index.html

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<html>
 <head><title>Variables and JavaScript Methods: jQuery</title></head>
 <body>
                      <img src="images/aperture.png" width="79" height="79" />
 
   <script type="text/javascript" src="script/jquery-1.8.1.min.js"></script>
   <script type="text/javascript" src="script/my_script.js"></script>
 </body>
</html>

Here we are including 1 image.
We have also linked the web page to jQuery library file and our my_script.js file.

jQuery code
my_script.js

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 $(document).ready( function() {
 
   $("img").click( function() {
 
     var discount = Math.floor( Math.random() * 5 ) + 10;
     var msg      = "Discount: "+discount+"%";
     alert(msg);
 
   });
 
 });

Once the web page is loaded, and the user clicks on the image:
Math.random() function generates some random number between 0 and 1, which is multiplied by 5 and the resulting number is then rounded off to a integer number using Math.floor() method.
This number is then added with some string message and is stored inside another variable called msg.
This is passed to alert() method and is displayed on a alert box.

Math.random() and Math.floor() and alert() are javascript functions.

Video Tutorial: Variables and Javascript Methods In jQuery


[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IfGmVi3ZuVw]

YouTube Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IfGmVi3ZuVw [Watch the Video In Full Screen.]



If you want to learn “javascript” visit Javascript Category on our blog.

With this tutorial, you now know that, your javascript knowledge will come handy. If you don’t know Javascript, still you need not worry as we would explain the things we will use in our jQuery tutorial.