century year

C Program To Determine Leap Year or Not using Macros

In this video tutorial lets learn how to determine user input year is a leap year or not, using Macros and nested ternary / conditional operator.

Leap Year Logic

1. If a year is century year(year ending with 00) and is perfectly divisible by 400, then it’s a leap year.

2. If a year is not a century year, and is perfectly divisible by 4, then it’s a leap year.

Video Tutorial: Determine Leap Year or Not using Macros: C Program

[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Du7YNk8GGDk]

YouTube Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Du7YNk8GGDk [Watch the Video In Full Screen.]

Source Code: C Program To Determine Leap Year or Not using Macros

#include<stdio.h>

#define NOT_LEAP(x) printf("%d is not leap year\n", x)
#define LEAP_YEAR(x) printf("%d is leap year\n", x)

#define LEAP(x) ( (x % 100 == 0 && x % 400 == 0) ? LEAP_YEAR(x) : \
                 ( (x % 4 ==0) ? LEAP_YEAR(x) : NOT_LEAP(x)) )

int main()
{
    int year;

    printf("Enter a year\n");
    scanf("%d", &year);

    LEAP(year);

    return 0;
}

Output 1:
Enter a year
2018
2018 is not leap year

Output 2:
Enter a year
2019
2019 is not leap year

Output 3:
Enter a year
2020
2020 is leap year

Output 4:
Enter a year
2023
2023 is not leap year

Output 5:
Enter a year
2024
2024 is leap year

In above program we’re writing NOT_LEAP(x) macro to display a message that the user input year is not a leap year. LEAP_YEAR(x) macro is used to display message that the user input year is a leap year.

We use both NOT_LEAP(x) and LEAP_YEAR(x) macro names or macro templates inside LEAP(x) macro expansion.

We’re also using macro continuation(\) to break the line and continue writing the logic in next line in macro expansion of LEAP(x).

List of some leap years

2000
2004
2008
2012
2016
2020
2024
2028
2032
2036
2040
2044
2048

For list of all c programming interviews / viva question and answers visit: C Programming Interview / Viva Q&A List

For full C programming language free video tutorial list visit:C Programming: Beginner To Advance To Expert

C Program To Check Leap Year or Not using Function

Any year is entered through the keyboard. Write a function to determine whether the year is a leap year or not.

Related Read:
C Program To Check Leap Year

Video Tutorial: C Program To Check Leap Year or Not using Function

[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bFYhQJHXWlU]

YouTube Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bFYhQJHXWlU [Watch the Video In Full Screen.]

Source Code: C Program To Check Leap Year or Not using Function

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdbool.h>

bool leap(int); // function prototype

int main()
{
    int year;

    printf("Enter a year to find leap year or not\n");
    scanf("%d", &year);

    //function call leap(year);
    if( leap(year) )
    {
        printf("%d is leap year\n", year);
    }
    else
    {
        printf("%d is not leap year\n", year);
    }

    return 0;
}

//function definition
bool leap(int year)
{
    if(year % 100 == 0)
    {
        if(year % 400 == 0)
            return true;
        else
            return false;
    }
    else
    {
        if(year % 4 == 0)
            return true;
        else
            return false;
    }
}

Output 1
Enter a year to find leap year or not
2020
2020 is leap year

Output 2
Enter a year to find leap year or not
2021
2021 is not leap year

Logic To Find Leap Year or Not: Using Function

If user entered year is a century year(year ending with 00) and the year is perfectly divisible by 400, then it’s a leap year.

If the user entered year is not a century year and the year is perfectly divisible by 4, then its a leap year orelse it’s not a leap year.

In our function, we return true if the user entered year is leap year and return false if the user entered year is not leap year.

Note: User defined function leap has a return type of bool i.e., it returns either true or false. For our C program to support bool type we are including stdbool.h header file.

For list of all c programming interviews / viva question and answers visit: C Programming Interview / Viva Q&A List

For full C programming language free video tutorial list visit:C Programming: Beginner To Advance To Expert

C Program To Check Leap Year Using Ternary Operator

C Program to Find if a given Year is a Leap Year or Not, using Ternary Operator.

General Form of Ternary Operator

(expression_1) ? (expression_2) : (expression_3);

expression_1 is a comparison/conditional argument. expression_2 is executed/returned if expression_1 results in true, expression_3 gets executed/returned if expression_1 is false.

We are illustrating the use of multiple nested ternary operator in this program. We have a nested ternary operator in place of expression2 as well as expression3.

Leap Year Logic

Leap Year
1. If a year is a century year(years ending with 00) and if it’s perfectly divisible by 400, then it’s a leap year.
2. If the given year is not a century year and it’s perfectly divisible by 4, then it’s a leap year.

Not Leap Year
1. If the year entered is a century year(perfectly divisible by 100), but not perfectly divisible by 400. Then it’s not a leap year.
2. A year which is not a century year and is not perfectly divisible by 4 is not a leap year.

C Program To Check Leap Year Using Nested Ternary Operator

[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B8k0nI5HxnM]

YouTube Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B8k0nI5HxnM [Watch the Video In Full Screen.]

In this video tutorial we illustrate the use of multiple nested ternary operator / conditional operator inside a ternary operator.

First we check if given year is perfectly divisible by 100. If its true, then the entered year is a century year(year ending with 00). If the year is also perfectly divisible by 400, then its leap year, if not, its not a leap year.

If the user entered year is not a century year, then we check if the year is perfectly divisible by 4. If yes, then its a leap year, if not, then its not a leap year.

Check Leap Year Using Ternary Operator: C Program

 
#include < stdio.h >

int main()
{
    int year;

    printf("Enter the year\n");
    scanf("%d", &year);

    (year % 100 == 0) ?
    ( (year % 400 == 0)?
      (printf("%d is leap year\n", year)):
      (printf("%d is not leap year\n", year))
    ) :
    ( (year % 4 == 0)?
      (printf("%d is leap year\n", year)):
      (printf("%d is not leap year\n", year))
    );

    return 0;
}

Output 1:
Enter the year
2019
2019 is not leap year!

Output 2:
Enter the year
2004
2004 is leap year!

Output 3:
Enter the year
2024
2024 is leap year!

List of some leap years

2000
2004
2008
2012
2016
2020
2024
2028
2032
2036
2040
2044
2048

You can run the program and input any of the above leap year and check for the output.

For list of all c programming interviews / viva question and answers visit: C Programming Interview / Viva Q&A List

For full C programming language free video tutorial list visit:C Programming: Beginner To Advance To Expert

C Program To Check Leap Year

C Program to Find if a given Year is a Leap Year or Not.

Leap Year Logic

Leap Year Program: C Programming

[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rO4LIxeaD6A]

YouTube Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rO4LIxeaD6A [Watch the Video In Full Screen.]

In this video tutorial: inside if block we first check if the entered number is a century year. If yes, then we see if it’s perfectly divisible by 400. If true, then its a leap year. If not, its not a leap year.

If the control shifts to else block then the entered year is not a century year. So we check if the year is perfectly divisible by 4. If yes, then it’s a leap year. If not, it’s not a leap year.

Source Code For Leap Year Program: C Programming

 
#include < stdio.h >

int main()
{
    int year;

    printf("Enter the year\n");
    scanf("%d", &year);

    if(year % 100 == 0)
    {
        if(year % 400 == 0)
        {
            printf("%d is leap year!\n", year);
        }
        else
        {
            printf("%d is not leap year!\n", year);
        }
    }
    else
    {
        if(year % 4 == 0)
        {
            printf("%d is leap year!\n", year);
        }
        else
        {
            printf("%d is not leap year!\n", year);
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

Output 1:
Enter the year
2019
2019 is not leap year!

Output 2:
Enter the year
2020
2020 is leap year!

Output 3:
Enter the year
2000
2000 is leap year!

List of some leap years

2000
2004
2008
2012
2016
2020
2024
2028
2032
2036
2040
2044
2048

You can run the program and input any of the above leap year and check for the output.

This program is also a perfect example for nested if else.

For full C programming language free video tutorial list visit:C Programming: Beginner To Advance To Expert