C - Part 42

Sizeof Operator in C Programming Language

Lets write a C program to see how to use sizeof() method or function in C programming language.

sizeof() is a builtin method/function present in C programming. It is used to calculate the size(in bytes) that a datatype occupies in the computers memory.

sizeof() method takes a single argument and it is not a function whose value is determined at run time, but rather an operator whose value is determined by compiler – so it’s called as compile time unary operator.

sizeof() method can be used with primitive data type like int, float, char or user defined data types like structures, unions etc.

Video Tutorial: Sizeof Operator in C Programming Language

[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mlw4jJ4WX8A]

YouTube Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mlw4jJ4WX8A [Watch the Video In Full Screen.]

Source Code: Sizeof Operator in C Programming Language

#include < stdio.h >

int main()
{
    int a, a1[10];
    char s;
    char s1[10];
    int b = 10, c = 5;

    printf("Size of a single character is %d byes\n", sizeof(s));
    printf("Size of a character array s1[10] is %d byes\n", sizeof(s1));
    printf("Size of a integer is %d byes\n", sizeof(a));
    printf("Size of a long integer is %d byes\n", sizeof(long int));
    printf("Size of a long long integer is %d byes\n", sizeof(long long int));
    printf("Size of a integer array a1[10] is %d byes\n", sizeof(a1));
    printf("Size of a float is %d byes\n", sizeof(float));
    printf("Size of a double is %d byes\n", sizeof(double));
    printf("Size of a long double is %d byes\n", sizeof(long double));
    printf("Size of a b+c is %d byes\n", sizeof(b+c));

    return 0;
}

Output:
Size of a single character is 1 byes
Size of a character array s1[10] is 10 byes
Size of a integer is 4 byes
Size of a long integer is 4 byes
Size of a long long integer is 8 byes
Size of a integer array a1[10] is 40 byes
Size of a float is 4 byes
Size of a double is 8 byes
Size of a long double is 12 byes
Size of a b+c is 4 byes

short, int, long int, long long int

#include < stdio.h >

int main()
{
    printf("Size of short data type is %d\n", sizeof(short));
    printf("Size of integer data type is %d\n", sizeof(int));
    printf("Size of long integer data type is %d\n", sizeof(long int));
    printf("Size of long long integer data type is %d\n", sizeof(long long int));

    return 0;
}

Output:
Size of short data type is 2
Size of integer data type is 4
Size of long integer data type is 4
Size of long long integer data type is 8

For list of all c programming interviews / viva question and answers visit: C Programming Interview / Viva Q&A List

For full C programming language free video tutorial list visit:C Programming: Beginner To Advance To Expert

C Program To Find Biggest of 3 Numbers using Binary Minus Operator

Lets write a simple C program to find biggest of three numbers using binary minus operator.

Logic To Find Biggest of 3 Numbers using Binary Minus Operator

If user enters a = 1, b = 2, c = 3;

We check if a – b > 0 and a – c > 0
i.e., 1 – 2 > 0 and 1 – 3 > 0
=> -1 > 0 and -2 > 0 (Both these conditions are false).
So a is not the biggest.

In else block we check if b – c > 0
=> 2 – 3 > 0
=> -1 > 0 (which is false)
So b is not the biggest.

In that case whatever number present in variable c is biggest.

Video Tutorial: C Program To Find Biggest of 3 Numbers using Binary Minus Operator

[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2kpHLoBdBjc]

YouTube Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2kpHLoBdBjc [Watch the Video In Full Screen.]

Source Code: C Program To Find Biggest of 3 Numbers using Binary Minus Operator

#include < stdio.h >

int main()
{
    int a, b, c;

    printf("Enter 3 numbers\n");
    scanf("%d%d%d", &a, &b, &c);

    if(a-b > 0 && a-c > 0)
    {
        printf("%d is the biggest\n", a);
    }
    else
    {
        if(b-c > 0)
        {
            printf("%d is the biggest\n", b);
        }
        else
        {
            printf("%d is the biggest\n", c);
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

Output 1:
Enter 3 numbers
1
2
3
3 is the biggest

Output 2:
Enter 3 numbers
10
30
20
30 is the biggest

Output 3:
Enter 3 numbers
100
50
75
100 is the biggest

For list of all c programming interviews / viva question and answers visit: C Programming Interview / Viva Q&A List

For full C programming language free video tutorial list visit:C Programming: Beginner To Advance To Expert

C Program To Convert Octal Number To Binary Number, using While Loop

Lets write a C program to convert a number from Octal number system(base 8) to Binary number system(base 2), using while loop.

In this C program we first convert the user entered number from Octal number system to Decimal number system. Then we take the result(which is in Decimal number system) and convert to Binary number system.

Number Systems

number systems

1. Binary Number System uses base 2 and digits 01.
2. Octal Number System uses base 8 and digits 01234567.
3. Decimal Number System uses base 10 and digits 0123456789.
4. Hexadecimal Number System uses base 16 and digits 0123456789ABCDEF.

Note:
In this C program we are dealing with Octal Number System, Decimal Number System and Binary Number System.

Octal Number System
Octal number system has base 8 and digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.

Example:
etc .. 8⁴, 8³, 8², 8¹, 8⁰

etc .. 8⁴ = ‭4,096‬, 8³ = 512, 8² = 64, 8¹ = 8, 8⁰ = 1.

Binary Number System
Binary number system has base 2 and digits 0 and 1.
binary decimal number system
Example:
etc .. 2⁴, 2³, 2², 2¹, 2⁰

etc .. 2⁴ = 16, 2³ = 8, 2² = 4, 2¹ = 2, 2⁰ = 1.

Expected Output for the Input

User Input:
Enter an Octal Number
14

Output:
Binary Equivalent of Octal no 14 is 1100.

Video Tutorial: C Program To Convert Octal Number To Binary Number, using While Loop

[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_juS8cQRMYs]

YouTube Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_juS8cQRMYs [Watch the Video In Full Screen.]

Logic To Convert Octal Number To Binary Number, using While Loop

To get complete logic to this program kindly watch these two video tutorials without fail.

1. C Program To Convert Octal Number To Decimal Number, using While Loop
2. C Program To Convert Decimal Number To Binary Number, using While Loop

Source Code: C Program To Convert Octal Number To Binary Number, using While Loop

#include < stdio.h >
#include < math.h >

int main()
{
    int  num, dec = 0, rem = 0, place = 0;
    long bin = 0;

    printf("Enter an Octal Number\n");
    scanf("%d", &num);

    printf("Binary Equivalent of Octal no %d is ", num);
    while(num)
    {
        rem = num % 10;
        dec = dec + rem * pow(8, place);
        num = num / 10;
        place++;
    }

    place = 1;
    rem   = 0;
    while(dec)
    {
        rem   = dec % 2;
        bin   = bin + (rem * place);
        dec   = dec / 2;
        place = place * 10;
    }
    printf("%ld.\n", bin);

    return 0;
}

Output 1:
Enter an Octal Number
71
Binary Equivalent of Octal no 71 is 111001.

Output 2:
Enter an Octal Number
11
Binary Equivalent of Octal no 11 is 1001.

For list of all c programming interviews / viva question and answers visit: C Programming Interview / Viva Q&A List

For full C programming language free video tutorial list visit:C Programming: Beginner To Advance To Expert

C Program To Convert Binary Number To Octal Number, using While Loop

Lets write a C program to convert a number from Binary number system(base 2) to Octal number system(base 8), using while loop.

In this C program we first convert the user entered number from Binary number system to Decimal number system. Then we take the result(which is in Decimal number system) and convert to Octal number system.

Number Systems

number systems

Note:
In this C program we are dealing with Binary Number System, Decimal Number System and Octal Number System.

Binary Number System
Binary number system has base 2 and digits 0 and 1.
binary decimal number system
Example:
etc .. 2⁴, 2³, 2², 2¹, 2⁰

etc .. 2⁴ = 16, 2³ = 8, 2² = 4, 2¹ = 2, 2⁰ = 1.

Octal Number System
Octal number system has base 8 and digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.

Example:
etc .. 8⁴, 8³, 8², 8¹, 8⁰

etc .. 8⁴ = ‭4,096‬, 8³ = 512, 8² = 64, 8¹ = 8, 8⁰ = 1.

Expected Output for the Input

User Input:
Enter a Binary Number
111001

Output:
Octal Equivalent of Binary no 111001 is 71.

Video Tutorial: C Program To Convert Binary Number To Octal Number, using While Loop

[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W1T6Jm41fok]

YouTube Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W1T6Jm41fok [Watch the Video In Full Screen.]

Logic To Convert Binary Number To Octal Number, using While Loop

To get complete logic to this program kindly watch these two video tutorials without fail.

1. C Program To Convert Binary Number To Decimal Number, using While Loop
2. C Program To Convert Decimal Number To Octal Number, using While Loop

Source Code: C Program To Convert Binary Number To Octal Number, using While Loop

#include < stdio.h >
#include < math.h >

int main()
{
    long num;
    int  dec = 0, oct = 0, rem = 0, place = 0;

    printf("Enter a Binary Number\n");
    scanf("%ld", &num);

    printf("\nOctal Equivalent of Binary no %ld is ", num);
    while(num)
    {
        rem = num % 10;
        dec = dec + rem * pow(2, place);
        num = num / 10;
        place++;
    }

    place = 1;
    rem   = 0;

    while(dec)
    {
        rem   = dec % 8;
        oct   = oct + rem * place;
        dec   = dec / 8;
        place = place * 10;
    }
    printf("%d.\n", oct);

    return 0;
}

Output 1:
Enter a Binary Number
1111

Octal Equivalent of Binary no 1111 is 17.

Output 2:
Enter a Binary Number
111001

Octal Equivalent of Binary no 111001 is 71.

For list of all c programming interviews / viva question and answers visit: C Programming Interview / Viva Q&A List

For full C programming language free video tutorial list visit:C Programming: Beginner To Advance To Expert

C Program To Convert Octal To Decimal Number In One Line

Lets write a C program to convert a number from Octal number system(base 8) to Decimal number system(base 10) in one line.

Expected Output for the Input

User Input:
Enter an Octal number
41

Output:
Decimal Representation of Octal Number 41 is 33.

Logic To Convert Octal To Decimal Number In One Line of Code

In c programming language, any octal number(%o format specifier) you store will also be stored in decimal form and you can print it using %d format specifier.

Video Tutorial: C Program To Convert Octal To Decimal Number In One Line

[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ifkQ4wDsE6I]

YouTube Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ifkQ4wDsE6I [Watch the Video In Full Screen.]

Source Code: C Program To Convert Octal To Decimal Number In One Line

#include < stdio.h >

int main()
{
    int num;

    printf("Enter an Octal number\n");
    scanf("%o", &num);

    printf("\nDecimal Representation of Octal Number %o is %d\n", num, num);

    return 0;
}

Output 1:
Enter an Octal number
20

Decimal Representation of Octal Number 20 is 16

Output 2:
Enter an Octal number
51

Decimal Representation of Octal Number 51 is 41

Output 3:
Enter an Octal number
132

Decimal Representation of Octal Number 132 is 90

Output 4:
Enter an Octal number
16

Decimal Representation of Octal Number 16 is 14

Output 5:
Enter an Octal number
40

Decimal Representation of Octal Number 40 is 32

For list of all c programming interviews / viva question and answers visit: C Programming Interview / Viva Q&A List

For full C programming language free video tutorial list visit:C Programming: Beginner To Advance To Expert