C Program To Check For Alphabet, Number and Special Symbol

Any character is entered through the keyboard, write a C program to determine whether the character entered is a capital letter, a small case letter, a digit or a special symbol.

The following table shows the range of ASCII values for various characters:
Character A – Z : ASCII Value 65 – 90
Character a – z : ASCII Value 97 – 122
Character 0 – 9 : ASCII Value 48 – 57
Special Symbol : ASCII Value 0 – 47, 58 – 64, 91 – 96, 123 – 127

Related Read:
else if statement in C
Relational Operators In C
C Program To Print All ASCII Characters and Code

Expected Output for the Input

User Input:
Enter a Character
$

Output:
$ is a Special Character

Video Tutorial: C Program To Check For Alphabet, Number or Special Symbol

Source Code: C Program To Check For Alphabet, Number and Special Symbol

#include<stdio.h>

int main()
{
    char ch;

    printf("Enter a Character\n");
    scanf("%c", &ch);

    if(ch >= 65 && ch <= 90)
    {
        printf("%c is an Uppercase Alphabet\n", ch);
    }
    else if(ch >= 97 && ch <= 122)
    {
        printf("%c is an lowercase Alphabet\n", ch);
    }
    else if(ch >= 48 && ch <= 57)
    {
        printf("%c is a Number\n", ch);
    }
    else if( (ch >= 0  && ch <= 47) ||
             (ch >= 58 && ch <= 64) ||
             (ch >= 91 && ch <= 96) ||
             (ch >= 123 && ch <= 127))
    {
        printf("%c is a Special Character\n", ch);
    }

    return 0;
}

Output 1:
Enter a Character
A
A is an Uppercase Alphabet

Output 2:
Enter a Character
i
i is an lowercase Alphabet

Output 3:
Enter a Character
8
8 is a Number

Output 4:
Enter a Character
$
$ is a Special Character

Logic To Check For Alphabet, Number and Special Symbol

We use &&(AND) operator check check for range. i.e., for number, we check from the range 48 to 57. To check if the user entered character lies in this range we use (ch >= 48 && ch <= 57). To check for multiple ranges we use ||(OR) operator. For example, for special symbol:

(ch >= 0 && ch <= 47) ||
(ch >= 58 && ch <= 64) ||
(ch >= 91 && ch <= 96) ||
(ch >= 123 && ch <= 127)

For list of all c programming interviews / viva question and answers visit: C Programming Interview / Viva Q&A List

For full C programming language free video tutorial list visit:C Programming: Beginner To Advance To Expert